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Bark beetle

Insect type
  • Latin: Crypturgus pusillus (Eichhoff)
  • English: Bark beetle
  • Synonym(s): Bostrichus pussilus  , Bostrichus aphodiodes  , Crypturgus pusillus (Gyllenhal) , Crypturgus cribrellus  , Crypturgus atomus  , Crypturgus cylindricollis  , Crypturgus danicus  , Crypturgus gaunersdorferi  , Crypturgus maulei  , Crypturgus parallelocollis 
Description
Distribution Map

Distribution Map

Distribution

N/A

Micro-habitat(s)

Bark, Wood

Damage, symptoms and biology

Crypturgus pusillus is considered a “secondary” bark beetle since it attacks trees that have previously harboured other bark beetle species such as Ips typographus and Pityogenes chalcographus. It very rarely attacks live trees. It is a commensal organism (“commensal” refers to the “sharing of food”). In Europe, the insect is associated with at least 15 fungi in the Ophiostomatoid group, such as Ceratocystiopsis alba, Ceratocystiopsis minima, Ceratocystiopsis minuta, Ceratocystiopsis leucocarpa, Graphium pseudormiticum, Ophiostoma ainoae, Ophiostoma araucariae and Ophiostoma piceae.

Comments

Crypturgus pusillus originates from the Palaearctic region (Europe, Asia and North Africa). It was introduced into the eastern United States in 1868, New Brunswick in 1910, Nova Scotia in 1911, Prince Edward Island around 1976, and Newfoundland. It may have been introduced on imported lumber.

References

[Anonyme]. 2011. Crypturgus pusillus. En ligne : http://zipcodezoo.com/Animals/C/Crypturgus_pusillus/. Consulté en décembre 2011.

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. 2011. Bark Beetle Genera of the United States – Crypturgus. USDA APHIS PPQ en ligne : http://itp.lucidcentral.org/id/wbb/bbgus/crypturgus.htm. Consulté en décembre 2011.

Blackman, M.W.; Stage, H.H. 1918. Notes on Insects bred from the Bark and Wood of the American Larch. Tech. Pub. no. 10, N.Y. State Coll. Forestry.; 18 (4; pt. I), Syracuse, N.Y. 9-115 pp.

Cognato, A.I.; Barc, N.; Philip, M.; Mech, R.; Smith, A.D.; Galbraith, E.; Storer, A.J.; Kirkendall, L.R. 2009. The native and introduced bark and ambrosia beetles of Michigan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae). Great Lakes Entomol. 42:101-120.

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. [N.D.]. Data Portal of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). http://data.gbif.org/welcome.htm. Consulté en décembre 2011.

Klimaszewski, J.; Langor, D.W.; Majka, C.G.; Bouchard, P.; Bousquet, Y.; LeSage, L.; Smetana, A.; Sylvestre, P.; Pelletier, G.; Davies, A.; DesRochers, P.; Goulet, H.; Webster, R.P.; Sweeney, J.D. 2010. Review of adventive species of Coleoptera (Insecta) recorded from eastern Canada. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, Bulgaria. 272 pp.

Klimaszewski, J.; Langor, D.W.; Majka, C.G.; Bouchard, P.; Bousquet, Y.; LeSage, L.; Smetana, A.; Sylvestre, P.; Pelletier, G.; Davies, A.; DesRochers, P.; Goulet, H.; Webster, R.P.; Sweeney, J.D. 2010. Review of adventive species of Coleoptera (Insecta) recorded from eastern Canada. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, Bulgaria. p. 184.

Kraemer, G.D. 1948. Barkbeetles on Douglas Fir. / Borkenkafer an Douglasie. Anzeiger fur Schadlingskunde 21:133.

Lieutier, F.; Day, K.R.; Battisti, A.; Grégoire, J.-C.; Evans, H.F. (Eds.). 2004. Bark and Wood Boring Insects in Living Trees in Europe, A Synthesis. Springer, New York. 569 pp.

Majka, C.G.; Anderson, R.S.; McAlpine, D.F.; Webster, R.P. 2007. The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada, I: New records from New Brunswick. Can. Entomol. 139:378-396.

Majka, C.G.; Anderson, R.S.; McCorquodale, D.B. 2007. The weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada, II: New records from Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island and regional zoogeography. Can. Entomol. 139:397-442.

Mattson, W.J.; Niemela, P.; Millers, I.; Inguanzo, Y. 1994. Immigrant phytophagous insects on woody plants in the United States and Canada: an annotated list.. General Technical Report NC-169. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station.

Õunap, H. 1996. Hylesinus and Crypturgus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in Estonia. / Saareüraskitest (Hylesinus) ja kääbusüraskitest (Crypturgus) (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) eestis. Metsanduslikud Uurimused 27:133-139.

Selmi, E. 2011. Crypturgus pusillus. Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, en ligne : http://www.orman.istanbul.edu.tr/en/taxonomy/term/3138. Consulté en décembre 2011.

Service canadien des forêts. 2011. Base de données sur les espèces exotiques envahissantes forestières. En ligne : https://afc-fr.cfsnet.nfis.org/fiasdb/srch_rch.jsp. Consulté le 8 décembre 2011.

Information on host(s)

Main Host(s)

Balsam fir, black spruce, Douglas-fir, red spruce, tamarack, white spruce